🇺🇸 美國的首都不是紐約 _ 前十頂級富翁中有八位是美國人

 美國的首都不是紐約 _ 前十頂級富翁 _ 八位是美國人

The capital of the United States is not New York. Besides, eight of the world's top 10 richest people are Americans

D.G. Wander 這次的漫遊來到美國。提到美國，大家馬上聯想到的應該就是民主自由、星條旗（美國國旗）、自由女神像，還有繁華的曼哈頓吧。但請注意，紐約雖是美國第一大城，但卻不是首都，正確的美國首都應是「華盛頓哥倫比亞特區」（Washington, D.C.）。

D.G. Wander is going to take you to the America this time. When it comes to the United States, people think of democracy and freedom, the American flag, the Statue of Liberty, and the bustling Manhattan immediately. But it should be noted that although New York is the largest city in the United States, it is not the capital. The correct capital of the United States should be "Washington, D.C.".

美利堅合眾國 / The United States of America

2021 人均 GDP / 2021 GDP per capita：USD$ 69,230（6th in the world）

總人口數 / Population：3億3480萬 / 334.8 M

官方語言 / Language：英語 / English

首都 / Capital：華盛頓哥倫比亞特區 / Washington, D.C.

國土面積 / Area：9,834,000km²

美國夢：移民者的致富天堂

The American Dream: A Paradise for Immigrants.

美國對許多人來說是個移民天堂，當中不少人懷抱著美國夢前來。美國夢，就是無論你的身分地位如何或出身貴賤與否，都有平等的機會追求財富。《富比士》雜誌2022年全球富豪排行榜中，前10名就有8位美籍人士，難怪眾人皆公認全球最有錢的地方在美國。今天就來盤點一下這8位超級富豪的事蹟，以及究竟他們是道地的美國人，還是美國移民呢？

To lots of people, America is a wonderful place for immigrants, many of whom come with the American dream. The American Dream is about equal opportunities to pursue wealth regardless of your status or background. In Forbes magazine's 2022 list of the world's richest people, there are 8 Americans in the top 10. It is no wonder that everyone recognizes that the richest place in the world is the United States. Today, let’s take a look at the deeds of these 8 regals, and whether they are authentic Americans or American immigrants?

第九名：史蒂芬巴爾默

總資產：914億美元

Number 9: Steve Anthony Ballmer

Total Assets: $91.4 Billion

PHOTO by Robert Sorbo from Flickr

史蒂芬巴爾默是微軟前執行長，共任職14年（2000 ~ 2014年）。現在則把事業重心轉向美國職籃（NBA），成為洛杉磯快艇隊的老闆。他深信「電腦科學是所有創新的操作系統」，而這句話也是他的致富關鍵。巴爾默父親是瑞士籍移民，母親是猶太人，因此可算是移民第二代。

Steve Anthony Ballmer is the former CEO of Microsoft, serving for 14 years (2000-2014). Now he is turning his career focus to the NBA, becoming the owner of the Los Angeles Clippers. He was convinced that "computer science is the operating system of all innovation," and that statement was the key to his fortune. Balmer's father is a Swiss immigrant, and his mother is Jewish, so he can be considered the second generation of immigrants.

第八名：勞倫斯艾利森

總資產：1060億美元

Number 8: Lawrence Joseph Larry Ellison

Total Assets: $106 Billion

PHOTO by Hartmann Studios from Flickr

勞倫斯艾利森是甲骨文公司的共同創辦人兼董事長，並持有公司大約 35% 的股份。雖然近兩年的排名下滑，卻是多年來資產總額不斷竄升的超級富豪。艾利森的父親是義大利裔美國人，母親則是猶太人，因此是移民第二代。

Lawrence Ellison is the co-founder and chairman of Oracle Corporation and owns approximately 35% of the company. Although the ranking has declined in the past two years, it is the regal whose total assets have continued to soar over the years. Ellison's father is Italian-American, and his mother is Jewish, therefore, he is a second-generation immigrant as well.

第七名：謝爾蓋布林

總資產：1070億美元

Number 7: Sergey Mikhaylovich Brin

Total Assets: $107 Billion

PHOTO by TED Conference from Flickr

謝爾蓋布林是美籍猶太裔電腦科學家，出生於蘇聯的猶太家庭，6歲時（1979年）全家移民至美國居住。他在史丹佛大學攻讀博士期間結識賴利佩吉，兩人於1998年成立Google公司。他們至今仍擁有董事會職務，同時也是控股股東。近年布林因出售股票獲利，2021年開始進入前10名排行榜中。

Sergey Brin is a Jewish-American computer scientist who was born in a Jewish family in the Soviet Union and immigrated to the United States when he was 6 years old (1979). He met Larry Page during his Ph.D. studies at Stanford University, and the two founded Google in 1998. They still hold board positions to this day and are also controlling shareholders. In recent years, Brin has made a profit from selling shares and entered the top 10 list in 2021.

第六名：賴利佩吉

總資產：1110億美元

Number 6: Lawrence Edward Larry Page

Total Assets: $111 Billion

PHOTO by Jeff Chiu from Associated Press

賴利佩吉出生於密西根州的猶太家庭，父母親都是密西根州立大學的電腦科學教授。他曾任Alphabet（Google母公司）的執行長，於2019年卸任，但仍是董事會成員和控股股東。他有一句關於夢想的名言：「你永遠不會失去夢想；它只是成為一種興趣而孵化。」Google搜尋排名的演算法PageRank就是佩吉發明的，2004年他獲頒馬可尼獎，表彰他在通信領域的卓越貢獻。

Larry Page was born into a Jewish family in Michigan to both computer science professors at Michigan State University. He was the CEO of Alphabet (the parent company of Google), stepping down in 2019, but remains a board member and controlling shareholder. He has a famous saying about dreams: '' You never lose a dream; it just incubates as a hobby.'' PageRank, the algorithm for ranking Google searches, was invented by Page, who was awarded the Marconi Award in 2004 for his outstanding contributions to the field of communications.

第五名：華倫巴菲特

總資產：1180億美元

Number 5: Warren Edward Buffett

Total Assets: $118 Billion

PHOTO by Nati Harnik from Associated Press

談到這位聞名於世的股神，剛結束的最終回慈善午餐拍賣，代價是1900萬美金（約台幣5.64億元），創下歷史新高！今年已經91歲的巴菲特是波克夏海瑟威公司的董事長兼執行長，以及最大股東，他準確的市場預言也被稱為「奧馬哈的神諭」（The Oracle of Omaha），是歷史上最成功的投資者之一。巴菲特出生於內布拉斯加州奧瑪哈市的富裕家庭，父親是兩屆國會議員與商業大亨，從曾祖父那代就已定居美國。

Speaking of this world-famous stock god, it must be mentioned that the just-concluded final charity lunch auction cost US$19 million (approximately NT$564 million) and has reached a record high! Buffett, who is 91 years old this year, is the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, as well as the largest shareholder. His accurate market predictions are also known as "The Oracle of Omaha", which is a historical one of the most successful investors. Buffett was born into a wealthy family in Omaha, Nebraska. His father was a two-term congressman and a business tycoon, and his family has settled in the United States since his great-grandfather's generation.

第四名：比爾蓋茲

總資產：1290億美元

Number 4: William Henry Gates III (Bill Gates)

Total Assets: $129 Billion

PHOTO by Leon Neal / Pool Via from REUTERS

比爾蓋茲不但是微軟的創辦人，與巴菲特一樣，更是一位著名的慈善家。曾創下連續13年（1995 ~ 2007年）榮登《富比世》雜誌全球首富的紀錄。他曾說過：「金錢在一定程度上對我沒有用處，它應該完全用於建立一個組織，並將資源提供給世界上最貧窮的人。」蓋茲夫妻創立的「比爾蓋茲基金會」致力於國際人道援助，這兩年也支援了新冠病毒的藥物研發。比爾蓋茲出生於西雅圖，父親是當地的律師，母親是銀行系統董事，外祖父曾任國家銀行行長。

Bill Gates is not only the founder of Microsoft but also a well-known philanthropist like Buffett. He has set a record of being the richest man in the world by Forbes magazine for 13 consecutive years (1995-2007). He once said: ''Money has no utility to me beyond a certain point. Its utility is entirely in building an organization and getting the resources out to the poorest in the world.'' The "Bill Gates Foundation" founded by Gates and his wife is dedicated to international humanitarian assistance and has also supported the research and development of new coronavirus drugs in the past two years. Bill Gates was born in Seattle, his father was a local lawyer, his mother was a director of the banking system, and his grandfather was a former president of the National Bank.

第二名：傑夫貝佐斯

總資產：1770億美元

Number 2: Jeffrey Preston Jeff Bezos

Total Assets: $177 Billion

PHOTO by Dan Farber from Flickr

傑夫貝佐斯是全球電商龍頭之一亞馬遜公司（Amazon.com, Inc.）的創辦人、 1999年《時代》雜誌年度風雲人物，2018年更登上《富比士》雜誌全球首富。他於2021年卸下執行長並改任董事會執行主席。在一次公司演講中，貝佐斯說出一句名言：「每天都是第一天」，勉勵同仁保有初心來面對新的一天。貝佐斯出生於美國新墨西哥州，家族在德州擁有一座約101平方公里的牧場。

Jeff Bezos is the founder of Amazon.com, Inc, one of the world's leading e-commerce companies, the person of the year in Time magazine in 1999, and the richest man in the world in Forbes magazine in 2018. He stepped down as CEO and became executive chairman of the board in 2021. In a company speech, Bezos said a famous saying: '' Every day is day one.'' and encouraged colleagues to face the new day with their original intentions. Bezos was born in New Mexico, USA, and his family owns a ranch of about 101 square kilometers in Texas.

首富：伊隆馬斯克

總資產：2190億美元

Number one: Elon Reeve Musk

Total Assets: $219 Billion

PHOTO by Patrick Pleul from swissinfo.ch

2022年的首富就是SpaceX公司的創辦人，以及特斯拉的執行長──伊隆馬斯克，去年進入前10就擠上第2，今年不但躍升為首富，也是《富比士》雜誌排行榜中首位身價突破2000億美元的超級巨富！大家可能不知道的是，他擁有英國皇家科學院士與美國工程院院士的身分，以及他的漢名「馬誼郎」。馬斯克的母親是加拿大人，父親是南非人，從小在南非三首都之一的普利托利亞長大，大學時移居加拿大，之後再移居美國，所以是個標準的美國移民。

The richest man in 2022 is the founder of SpaceX and the CEO of Tesla, Elon Musk, who entered the top 10 last year and ranked second. This year, he not only jumped to the richest man but also on the Forbes magazine list. Besides, he is also the first regal with a net worth of more than 200 billion US dollars! What everyone may not know is that he has the status of a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of the United Kingdom and an academician of the American Academy of Engineering, as well as his Chinese name "Ma Yilang". Musk’s mother is Canadian, and his father is South African. He grew up in Pretoria, one of the three capitals of South Africa, and moved to Canada when he was in college, and then to the United States, so he is a standard American immigrant.

8位美國超級富豪中，有4位是道地的美國人；2位是移民；2位則是移民第二代。看來不管是美國本土居民或是移民，都有機會圓一場美國夢。

Of the 8 super-rich Americans, 4 are authentic Americans; 2 are immigrants, and 2 are second-generation immigrants. It seems that no matter whether you are a native American or an immigrant, there is a chance to realize the American dream.